Derivatives of Quotients
Example:
z = (x2 - x - 8) / e3*x
The first thing to notice when finding the derivative of this function
is that it is a quotient, as shown below:
| z |
= |
x2 - x - 8 |
 |
| e3*x |
The Derivative Rule for Quotients:
The derivative of a quotient is the derivative of the numerator
times the denominator minus the numerator times the derivative of the
denominator, all divided by the denominator squared.
If
| |
z |
= ( |
f(x) |
) |
|
| g(x) |
then the derivative of
z is
| |
z ' |
= ( |
f(x) |
)' |
|
| g(x) |
| |
|
= |
f '(x) g(x) |
- |
f(x) g '(x) |
|
|
|
( g(x) )2 |
So our example,
| z |
= |
x2 - x - 8 |
|
| e3*x |
we can think of as
| z |
= |
f(x) |
|
| g(x) |
So the derivative is
| z' |
= ( |
f(x) |
)' |
|
| g(x) |
| |
= |
f '(x) |
g(x) |
- |
f(x) |
g '(x) |
|
| ( g(x) )2 |
| |
= |
( x2 - x - 8 )' |
( e3*x ) |
- |
( x2 - x - 8 ) |
( e3*x )' |
|
| ( e3*x )2 |
and we just need to know each of the derivatives on the right-hand
side of the equation. In this case these are
so the finished derivative is
| z' |
= |
( 2*x - 1 - 0 ) |
( e3*x ) |
- |
( x2 - x - 8 ) |
( 3*e3*x ) |
|
| ( e3*x )2 |
| |
= |
(2*x - 1) e3*x - 3*(x2 - x - 8) e3*x |
|
| (e3*x)2 |
![[]](/images/boxby.gif)
additional explanation for the quotient rule
see another quotient rule example
practice gateway test
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Page Generated: Sun Jan 25 15:52:40 2026
Comments to Gavin LaRose
glarose@umich.edu
©2001 Gavin LaRose,
University of Michigan Math Dept.